Evidence Outline for Evaluation (Did you use correct evidence?)
a) Point of view
Choose ONE group:
The Federalist Party (criticized in cartoon)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist portrays the Federalists as selfish and disloyal, willing to undermine
democracy during wartime.
Evidence students can use:
-Opposition to the War of 1812 (seen as unpatriotic by critics)
-The Hartford Convention (1814–1815)
-Federalists discussed constitutional amendments & rumors of secession
-Strong ties to British trade and commercial interests, especially in New England
Democratic-Republican Party (also criticized)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist suggests Democratic-Republicans are too aggressive and destructive,
attacking important institutions like federalism.
Evidence students can use:
-Support for the War of 1812 (War Hawks pushing conflict)
-Policies like the Embargo Act (1807) hurt the economy and ignored Federalist concerns
-Expansionist and nationalist rhetoric that risked war
George Washington (positive POV)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist presents Washington as a voice of wisdom warning against partisan
conflict.
Evidence students can use:
-His role as a symbol of unity and national stability
-Washington’s Farewell Address (1796) warning against political parties ("factions")
and Sectionalism (putting one region of the country ahead of the others)
b) ONE development (1789–1809) that led to this POV
Students just need one clear cause of rising partisanship:
Rise of the First Party System
-Conflict between Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
-Disagreements over: National bank; Strength of federal government; Foreign policy
(Britain vs. France)
-Leads directly to the intense division shown in the cartoon
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
-Federalists limited speech and targeted immigrants
-Democratic-Republicans saw this as tyrannical
-Increased distrust and hostility between parties
Election of 1800
-Highly contentious, called the “Revolution of 1800”
-Peaceful transfer of power, but revealed deep partisan divides
Embargo Act (1807)
-Jefferson halts trade to avoid war
-Devastates New England economy (Federalist region)
-Fuels sectional and political resentment (contributes to disunity)
c) ONE way developments (1789–1808) challenged the cartoonist’s POV
Students must show that despite conflict, the nation did NOT collapse (i.e., challenge the idea that disunity = destruction):
Peaceful transfer of power (Election of 1800)
-Federalists lose power; Jefferson becomes president
-No violence or collapse
-Shows the system can withstand partisanship
Continued functioning of the Constitution
-Despite disagreements, institutions (Congress, presidency, courts) still worked
-Laws passed, elections held regularly
-Suggests all “pillars” weren’t actually destroyed
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
-Major national expansion under Jefferson
-Broad support despite constitutional concerns
-Demonstrates national growth and success despite divisions
Judicial review established (Marbury v. Madison, 1803)
-Strengthened the judiciary
-Helped stabilize the system
-Shows the government became stronger, not weaker
Choose ONE group:
The Federalist Party (criticized in cartoon)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist portrays the Federalists as selfish and disloyal, willing to undermine
democracy during wartime.
Evidence students can use:
-Opposition to the War of 1812 (seen as unpatriotic by critics)
-The Hartford Convention (1814–1815)
-Federalists discussed constitutional amendments & rumors of secession
-Strong ties to British trade and commercial interests, especially in New England
Democratic-Republican Party (also criticized)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist suggests Democratic-Republicans are too aggressive and destructive,
attacking important institutions like federalism.
Evidence students can use:
-Support for the War of 1812 (War Hawks pushing conflict)
-Policies like the Embargo Act (1807) hurt the economy and ignored Federalist concerns
-Expansionist and nationalist rhetoric that risked war
George Washington (positive POV)
Claim students could make:
The cartoonist presents Washington as a voice of wisdom warning against partisan
conflict.
Evidence students can use:
-His role as a symbol of unity and national stability
-Washington’s Farewell Address (1796) warning against political parties ("factions")
and Sectionalism (putting one region of the country ahead of the others)
b) ONE development (1789–1809) that led to this POV
Students just need one clear cause of rising partisanship:
Rise of the First Party System
-Conflict between Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
-Disagreements over: National bank; Strength of federal government; Foreign policy
(Britain vs. France)
-Leads directly to the intense division shown in the cartoon
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
-Federalists limited speech and targeted immigrants
-Democratic-Republicans saw this as tyrannical
-Increased distrust and hostility between parties
Election of 1800
-Highly contentious, called the “Revolution of 1800”
-Peaceful transfer of power, but revealed deep partisan divides
Embargo Act (1807)
-Jefferson halts trade to avoid war
-Devastates New England economy (Federalist region)
-Fuels sectional and political resentment (contributes to disunity)
c) ONE way developments (1789–1808) challenged the cartoonist’s POV
Students must show that despite conflict, the nation did NOT collapse (i.e., challenge the idea that disunity = destruction):
Peaceful transfer of power (Election of 1800)
-Federalists lose power; Jefferson becomes president
-No violence or collapse
-Shows the system can withstand partisanship
Continued functioning of the Constitution
-Despite disagreements, institutions (Congress, presidency, courts) still worked
-Laws passed, elections held regularly
-Suggests all “pillars” weren’t actually destroyed
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
-Major national expansion under Jefferson
-Broad support despite constitutional concerns
-Demonstrates national growth and success despite divisions
Judicial review established (Marbury v. Madison, 1803)
-Strengthened the judiciary
-Helped stabilize the system
-Shows the government became stronger, not weaker